Locomotive.



.F. L. MCGAHAN.

Locomo'nva APPLICATION FILEDJAN. 1918- Patented J an. 21, 1919.

13 SHEETSSHEET 1 Patented Jan.21,1919

'13 SHEEIS-SHEET 2- .1 N 5 FM a .J .0 1 AW K... /.v A. w i WM n t 7 v a FLAP... FM

A TTOR/VEV.

F. L; MQEAHAN.

HLED JAN. 3. ISIS.

.F. L. MCGAHAN.

LOCOMOTIVE. JLPPLICAI'ION mm) JAN-3.1918.

PatQnted Jan. 21, 1919,

13 SHEETSSHET 3.

ATTORNEK F. L. McGAHAN.

LOCOIIIQTIVE, APPLICATION FILED JAN. 3- I9I8- "Patented Jan. 21,1929;

I3 SIIEETS-SHEET 9;

F. L. McGAHAN.

LOCOMOTIVE.

AWLICATION FILED IAN. 3. mm. 1,292,399, Patented Jan. 21, 1919. I J '13 SHEETS-SHEET13.

INVENTOR! BTW W/momm UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FREDERICK L. MoG-AHAN, OF LOS ANGELES, CALIFQRNIA.

LocoMorrivE.

1,292,399. Specification of Letters Patent Patented Jan. 21, 1919. Application filed January 3, 1918. Serial No. 210,146. To allrukom it may concern: Fig. 2 isa section on the line 2-2 in Be it known that I, FREDERIGK L. Mc- Flg. 1; GAHAN, a citizen of the United States, resid- F 19,-. 3 is a section on the line 33 in ing at the city of Los Angeles, in the county of Los Angeles and State of California, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Locomotives, of which the followmg is a. specification.

I This invention relates to railway loconiotives, and in part consists of the application of the principle of the steam. turbine to locomotive driving and constructions suitable for such application, and by which more power is applied to the said cause of the use of the said turbines as part of the driving mechanism but, also, because of the application of the power to a plurality of wheel-groups, greater power being exerted upon the train by. the locomotive. All this is accomplished with an economy of steam, not only because the steam is used three times for power and afterward for heating the train, but, also, because the herein-described mechanism enables the derivation of power from steam of lower pressure than is now useful for that purpose, whereby, as may be said, all the power of the steam (instead of, as now, only part of its power) is utilized. Moreover, this mechanism enables the reheating and superheating of steam in its ordinary course of being repeatedly used, which reheating and superheating is produced without additional firing, fuel, or the like. Furthermore,

this apparatus eliminates wasteful and ob jectionable sulfur gas, smoke, sparks, and cinders by drawing the same out of the firebox and returning the solid. particles thereto for further combustion.

Other economies, advantages, improvements, and inventions will hereinafter apear. The steam turbines herein described and shown are of the radial impulse type, which is the preferred form in this invention, but other forms may be used.

In the accompanying drawings forming part of this specification and in which like numbers of reference denote like parts wherever they occur,

Figure 1 is a side elevation of the quadruple-driven locomotive the sub echmatten of this invention;

driving not onlybewhich results in screen Fig. 14;

F ig. 1; v 4 is a fragmental side elevation showmg n dotted lines the condensing coils A" F 1g. 5 is a horizontal section through the car-to-car steam-coupling;

Fig. 6 is a fragmental section on the line 6-6 in Fig. i;

7 is a plan view of the tender, illu trat ng the screw of the automatic coal-feed;

Fig. 8 is a section on the line 8-8 in Fig. 9;

Fig. 9 is a vertical sectional view of the exhaust-separator, taken on the line 99 in Fig. 8;

Fig. 10 is a plan view of the separating Fig. 11 is a top plan view f the tender and pony trucks showing the gear-driving mechanism on the side opposite the flange of the wheels;

12 is a similar view showing the gear driving-mechanism on the flange side of the wheels; I

Fig. 13 is a fragmental side elevation (partly in section and on an enlarged scale) of the tender end of the'locomotive;

Fig. 1% is a side elevation of the pony and tender truck driving mechanism;

Fig. 15 is a section on the line 15 Fig. 16 is a top plan view of the tender driving trucks, illustrating the transmission of power from one to the other;

Fig. 17 is a. sectional view through the driving gears, being taken on a line horizontally and longitudinally through the same;

Fig. 18 is'a section on the line 1818 in Fig. 19;

Fig. 19 is a. fragmental side elevation of the spring-clutch Fig. 520 is a section on the line 2020 in Fig. 21;

Fig. 21 is a fragmental side elevation of the engine,(with the fire-box in section), showing a modified form of fire-box;

Fig. 22 is a-vertical section of the waterspreader (or steam-turbine), taken on the line 22-22 in Fig. 24;

Fig. 23 is a detail of the internal valves of the water-spreader;

; is a Section en the line iZ- r ill anti is a wet er-filter.

The lereuietive l is previrleil with the eustemza tlriring-wheels 2 and torwuril truclewhi els 3. 'lTruck-Wheels-LLnut-he tender {which tender is connected with the lemn0- tire) and the said truckWheelsfl are driven by means hereinafter (leseriherl, vhile driving-wheels '3 are driven from cylinder in the llStlzll lllillillGl'. The teniler tr lCk-Vi'liGGlS m in ene set beingurii'en h the ether. Thee will he. seen that a qua-ch .riiple-alrire is applied to the locomotive, the steam being useil fer all, and may he "i r l for heating the train. By

wrem herein'(ieseriheii a greater premt the energy {if the steam utilize-fl hu'ingg purposes than attained in leeeiiietives, so much 50 that this apiiei-ires driving three from the stezuii etezun ie reduced to only four or i are after which ii hwy he sectional View through the Both these tnrhiries are ofthe thin, ir'hieh "m O Plgl]1l and .n Well he in of the lee-e. meometi V0, 1

r1 3 er direction true in new 01' the 1m saiel turbines at each will iiermally not he i ,2: (WY-J i" m m riehe rum. Urb- 6 mil 8- iriz'ry he "provided with 1 the: e i entienel type the erigmal lfllltl perhee Sir-em is conveyed v 88 through. the imrnifehl 01 ed through t pipes 95 and of the lecemet and admit-- iiler 5 and after said Ste/21.111 has ,7 in cylinder 5 te (hire the piston eei'lthus the main driving wheels 3 .lStQlfiFr' nmnner, the steam exhausts eylinrler 5 into the pnseagps 96 Ul-il, hie;- to pipes 16. Said passages are emently eenneeted to ,the il'lt-illit) pip: ,1 e turbine (3, therefore the pony trueh' turbine uses an intermediate pressiere t steam, which the LI'Zllitllivi frem eylinil This steam pee 11h rough pipe 4i thence lute the eheiiiher 17 reumlingm remluhe eerie 18 having .elierl greevef riheii in detail in eeiiiiee reeeire frictional and iipelling we act from the Luevming etemii, thereby deriving its 11 iery metieii and (hiring shaft 7 which is eeameeted w truele; 3,v

The turbine (i zen he cut in or out by use (if valve J8 and 93, "which are epernteil from the euhs through reaelerocls 106 pivetailly liiUilfitWl to levers it)? said levers 107 and relies U3 eml 98 being secured tlimilp h keys fie valveruzl 1,08. l el've-rmls 108 are retzitehly D'iOlillilCtl in ezislings at each end 01 housing- MU.

Having tllllg energized the turbine (3 the s ezmi [)jlfz' rlireug'h pipes 20 and long pipe m elim'gize turbine the riitnry motion of (U129 18 ill which rotates shaft 9, which thereby drives truelewheels l, the rightheihl set et' "which in Fig l is (l 'iven from the lei thzini'l setin the said figure by the egireelte" f 11in 252 (see Fig. 1(3) actuated hy the sprocket \vl'ieel which (lrii H5 the E's'iill'OCliOFWllifil 21ml therehv shaft 25 he set (if trucks not directly .siIt l lriviiw- Oil' the said he :zeeempwhen in. any other it-ehle manner, as, er iiistaii-ee by her liv . may

file leil gears, e niveifeel shaft, or the like. It

bstzmtigilly the SIUHG Oil and eei'z-i'ieeteil m ally the hummer. the l r. "Y. x e 1! AL \Jll. it i in Lu L h ll-ree-: when 130: 1e he'ttmi'i elf (T111) 32% tinkering an extend en heyenil chamber 17. A iedestal .29 is fixed in cup The what!) 7 turns freely in pedestal and plate and cup 28, so that. when the truck-wheels ere roumhng a curve the hell-race 27 21ml phat iilldfil'llctllill the turbine. :11 29 contains e gasket 5-32, spring preA (l at 33, to prevent leakage along shaft T A helhmce 34 eeiiperales with groove in the base of cone ISJherehv allowing the same freely to rotate as inipelleil hy the active of the stezun :uhniitteal through pipes 16 upon it heli ll-l grooves. mill thereby retethw shaft- 7, to which eerie lh is lieyeil or milierivise fixed Fans 36 (llhtW hei air, sm'ehe, mlil eimlers through pipes 27 trim the top of the the here 11, and thereljw the rsteum {hut enters lilllwl 17 through pipes it reheated er iperhezitezl. With the steam as hereinhe- *le're ilesrriheil the (.llNlQlS pass; through pipes L E .ltl pipe 21 toward turbine 8, after which the are all carried by steam prr sure riil :reii. 11 inte pipe 35. The hitter p pe eei tems the egiurleurreeter 40, which.

.7 in its surface arlepted ie.

the pipe 112 which is causes the stoppage of the cinders and, in

a manner about to be described, their deposit. through hopper 41 upon endless concarries the cinders back The steam continues on through pipe 39 to the turbine 8. The-ob ject of this vertical pipe 39 is to provide means of separation of the steam from the water, 2'. 6., to take the humidity out of the steam which is actuated by gravity, the Water dropping to the bottom of the T 39* and flowing to the filtering mechanism 13.

This turbine 8 may be run independent of low pressure steam tions. The one connection to the pipe 38 which is the low pressure steam pipe and veyer 42, which to fire-box 11.

the superheating coils 118. Thus when the engine is standing still and turbine 8 is desired to run for the making of electricity, pumping air, or some other reason, byfturning oil steam from pipe 38 and cutting in hlgh pressure steam from pipe 112 this object can be accomplished. After the steam has passed through the turbine 8 in its specific operation it enters the radiator or condenser 100 hereinafter described, through which it'passes and emerges as water freed by the filter 43 from the last traces of cinders or grit, then flowing through pipe 15 to the Water-tank 16 of the tender. Conveyor 42 is located in pipe 47, to an opening in the top of which hopper 41 directly leads. Ele- Vator 48 is so arranged as to carry away all cindcrs stopped by sparlcarrester lO'and to dump them into run 49, which leads to hopper e1 (see Figs. 8 and 9).

Fuel, preferably pulverized, is normally fed to the firebox 11 of either of the alternative forms shown in Figs. 3, 20 and 21 (or any other suitable fire-box) by a mechanical Stoker-consisting of the endless screw 42, which is driven by the gears 50, in turn driven by beveled gears 51,'so mounted in connection with gears or otherwise as to be driven by gears 53 or otherwise by the rotation of one of the axles 54 of the tendertrucks.

Fig. 3 represents the preferred form of fire-hon, through the nozzles of which powdered fuel is blown into tire-box 11. The nozzles 57 in Figs. 20 and 21 serve the same function as nozzles 55 in Fig. 3.

The powdered fuel being drawn through the nozzles 55, strikes the arch or flame breaker 113 (Fig. 3). Said fuel being ignited by the flame in the firebox, combustion results, breaking ver the tip of the arch at 114. In Figs. 20 and 21 the powdered fuel is fed the same as described in connection with Fig. 3, but as it enters the tire-box 11 through nozzles 57 the fuel has no abutment against which to strike. Therefore, as the nozzles are directly in line with each jother, the fuel meets about the center as it has two con'nccconnected directly to right angle thereto in differential 63 of the fire-bbx where the combustion occurs (as shown at 115 in Fig. 20). Said combustion breaks over the firebrick arch 116 at the point 117. superheated steam tubes 56 are coiled and run in a plurality to support the brick arch 116 and also to get the benefit of the maximum heat temperature. These tubes 56 are connected to the superheating coils 11S. Tubes 56 being placed in the intense heat of the fire-box causes the more rapid generation of steam and helps to keep a more rapid circulation of water through syphoning effect from the dead water line 'of the boiler to the top of the crown sheet (not shown in the drawings).

The cone 18 in turbine 6 in its rotation carries with it 'at the center a driving shaft 7, which is exactly the center of the truck turntable. This essential, as the worm wheel revolves around the worm when the truck-wheels take the contour of the roadway, 2'. 6., follows curves. 7

Shaft 7 terminates either (as shown in Fig. 22) in a beveled pinion 58, which meshes with a beveled gear 59, the latter mounted on shaft 60, or in a worm wheel 62, as shown in Figs. 11 and 12, in engage ment with worm 61 mounted on shaft 7.

Shaft 60 drives differentials 63, which actuate shafts 61, each of the said shafts-having upon its ends worms 65, which actuate worm-wheels 12 with which pinions 66 are integrally formed, which pinions run in engagement with internal gears 67 on wheels 68, and thereby rotate wheels 68. The wheels 68 are part of "the trucks 3 and 1.

As the locomotive 1 is intended to run in either direction, 6., either forward, to the right in Fig. 1, or to, the left iriFig. 1, the engineer must have control of the direction in which differentials G3 are driven, and this is providedby lever 70 connected to operate simultaneously with the ordinary reverse lever of a locomotive engine.

The lever TOis pivoted to and'moves rod 71 in either direct-ion, the said lever being, pivoted at 72 to part 69 of the main frame. Rod 71 is pivoted at 73 to clutch-levers 74, which are pivoted at 75 to any suitable support such as a bracket depending from the frame of the truck. m

The clutch-levers 7i engage'in the grooves 76 of clutches 7'7, and move the said clutches 77in either direction according to the direction in which lever 70 is moved. Hubs 78 are outboard bearings for the shaft 60 and are in any suitable manner (not shown in the drawings) supported from the truckframe. Gears 79 and 80' are selectively caused to engage with the gears 83 at a by the movement or position of lever 70.

The clutches 77 and their associated parts are illustrated on an enlarged scale in Figs. 17,18 and 19.

clutch '7"? likewise,

The gears 83 at a right. angle to gears 79 and till in .ditlerentials (53 are keyed to shafts (H- or fixed thereto by set-screws 81. The dili'ercntial housings 82 inelose 7t), 8t and 83. v

i103? the lever is shifted in one direction, one of the gears 79 and the gear 80 on the opposite side of the locomotive l are frictionally engaged by a bevel 84. (as shown in Fig. 17} on elutelrmemher 77, and when the lever 70 is moved in the opposite direction the other gear 79 and the other gear til) are so shifted that they become trio-- tionally engaged with the opposite bevels iii; on each clutch 77.

in Fig. 3.7, such engagement is depicted at the lower end of the d 'awingand nonengagement at the upper end the space 8:) denoting such detachment.

Cuts till in the beveled parts 84 of clutch 77 permit ctmipression and expansion and insure tight frictional engagement with the her led parts 87 of the gears 79 and 80.

as. 11, ii and 1.5 depict a longer shaft 30 than Fig. 12 and an arrangement in which the internal gears (37, pinions (3G, wcnrnnwhrels l2, worms (35, shafts (H. etc, are on the -exterior of wheels (38, while in Figs. 12 and 16 they are on the interior.

In a geared truck such as heretofore do scribed the reversing motion of the wheels is acomplished without disengaging the gears, thus avoiding breaking oi" gear teeth and the familiar noises ot acconuialiving shifting gears. By shifting the rcv rsc lever 70 to the center position. it moves the thus disengaging; hoth ars Til and t lt). allowing the turbine to run for the making oi electricity or compressed air, while the locomo'tive is sta tionary.

By referring to Fig. 1. it will he soon that shaft 9 of turbine 8 (which correspond in thciaction and associated parts to shaft i' of turbine (3. heretofore described in connection with lever 7 shaft (30. (litterentials 63 etc.) actuatcs only one set of wheels (38, leaving the other quartetto be otherwise driven. This is done h v means as shown in Fig. 16,

of sprocaet chain so, or by other similar means as hercinhc-tore described.

The distance between the end of the reverse lever handle lit and the center of fulcrum 72 being proportioned to the distance lrom the center oi" fulcrum 72 to the connecting pivot point 1% of rod Y1 and reverse lever 70. atl'ords tremendous power and tightening effect on the clutch 77 which clamps gears 79 and 80 to shaft (50.

it is also essential, due to the gearing, that worms ()5 he of opposite hand, so that wheels 1- run in the same direction.

The exhaust from turbine 8 is into the steam condenser ar d ater cooler 100 shown in Figs. 4. and t3, the said exhaust passing through pipes 101 thereinto. The condenser 100 formed of a plurality of square pipes 102, arranged as shown in Figs. i and (7-, which, by reason of their form and ar- 'angement, and particularly he ause of the serpentine course that the steam is obliged to pursue theretlnou h, as indicated by the arrows in Fig. 4-, cause condensation of the steam and its cooling because of the large area of pipe tln-=1mgh which passes before it reaches the exit, which is into pipe 39 that leads to the filter i3 shown in. Fig.

and, also, because of the draft that flows among the. pipes 102 when the locomotive is in motion, which draft is enhanced by the hood 111 that incloses the said pipes 102 except at their ends.

The water formed by the comlensation of steam in the condense 1.00 purified in filter 4.3. As shown in E233, this filter or purifier -13 consists of three conipartn'ients constructed of any suitable material with walls 1. l and partitions 131') and 131. In this first compartment 126 is inserted crushed copper glance, the second charcoal, and the third crushed lime roclt.

The water from the condenser 100 flows through pipe 39 and, following the arrows, filter l3, as indicated in Fig. 25. passes through the crushed copper glance of compartment 126 to an orifice 1.852 in partition 130. to compartment 127, and hv action of gravitv traveis' downward passing through the charcoal ot the said compartment, then thr nigh the orifice 133 in partition 131 where it rises through compartment 128, said compartment heing tilled with crushed lime roclt and flowing mitward throngl'i the pipe ;l-5 to the water reservoir 103, frnn which it is punnied h) pump llll as distilled water to the boiler 88. This filtering of water does away with an sediment or residue that is commonly known in boilers and does away with cleaning or blowing out of boiler tubes. which is a great advantage over the present boiler.

It will he understood that both sham con-- denser 100 and water reservoir 103 n:a he located at any suitable place on the locomotivc 1 and ma he borne or sinn'iorted therein any suit-ahle manner.

Pump 10% is actuated by an eccentric 121, which is pivotalh connected to the walkinglcvcr said lever heing fulcrumcd at 1.23 and connected nivotali v to the pistonrod 1:2-1- of pump IO-l at When the st am, as heretofore described, ha operated the locomotive and has passed through the. ctmdenser 100 after having; been made. dry by its humidity being there taken out it passes through pipe 13% to steam coupling 99. The ohjcct of this said coupling to be able to connect the cars together through I thewel'l khown C. B. coupler man, have turbine shaft .7 by means of hub 141.

this steam-coupling so arranged as to automatic'ally' connect or disconnect itself and to hold its compression. byv means of springs 135 as shown in Fig. 5, sothat said coupling will not leak. This also; obviates the necessity of going from, car .tocar to connect or disconnect steam-couplings. A further object is so to arrange the steam-coupler that when the locomotive or cars take'the curve of the roadway, the coupling will automa ically adjust itself through springs 135. The coupler 99 consists of two conical shells 136, in which are steam passages 137. Ball sockets 138 are held against the interior of conical shells 136 by action of spring 135. Ball sockets 138 have steam passages cored cen-, trally at 139.

One object of the turbines 6 and 8 and their vacuum fans 36 is to create a draft from and through the fire-box, taking by suction any back pressure from the cylinders 5 and the piston blades 140 of turbines 6 and 8 and creating an additional vacuum in the turbine 8, giving the same condition that is caused by the jet condenser in the wellknown stationary engine. A further object is to draw all smoke, cinders, and sparks through the vacuum fan 36 and to keep a more even draft, just the necessary draft to create and regulate a perfect blaze, in the fire-box and through the fines of the locomotive.

The conical piston 18 is hollow-cast of shell shape, and is rigidly secured by a key or other means at its smaller diameter to the Said piston 18 bears on the thrust-balls 142, these balls operating in the ball-race 34 and the groove 35 in the usual manner. Ball-race 34 is conveniently secured to pedestal 29, and said pedestal is bolted to cup 28 of the conical cylinder 144.

lfiston compression blades 145 are helical in form" and'may be of any desired pitch. Said blades 1145 4 ground surface of the conical cylinder 144 at 146 by means of flat zigzag spring 147, said spring 147 being tempered to hold blades 145 in a fixed position against the said surface 146.

When it becomes necessary to condense the smoke, which is drawn into the chamber 148: by the fan 36, transformation of the smoke mayhe'made at will by the manipulation" of, a single key 168, which secures the fan 36, the governor 14,"andthe goyernor plate 153 to'the shaft 7 of the turbine 6.

After the smoke has beie' drawn into the chamber 148by action of fan 36 (which also and sparks from "the fired into, the said chamber 148' through as valves'154 as will properly condense l.lic,spark's, cinders, and soot by its are held against the highlybeing rapidly revolved and churned therein, so that same may be discharged through the stoker 42 back into the fire-box 11.

l The fan 36 is fixed on the fan-plate 151, and the latter is borne by conical rollers 149, said rollers being mounted on the race 150 of the cylinder 144 in any common manner. Fan-plate 151 has orifices 152 through which the smoke, cinders, sparks, and soot of the fire-box are drawn into the chamber 148. The said fan-plate151 which bears the fan 36 is, as heretofore stated, operated by the manipulation of the sliding key 168.

Valve 154 is actuated by trippers 156 of governor-plate 153 striking against lever 157 when the key 168 is inserted into the lower slidingcollar 185 of the governor 14, which isfixed to the governor-plate 153, causing the governor-plate shaft 7 Lever 157 is fulcrumed and pinned to piston 18 at 158, and the other 157 is pivoted to the valve-rod 159 at 160.

153 to revolve with the end of lever T 161, said valve being fulcrumed at 162.

lVhen the key 168 is withdrawn the fan 36 stands still, and no smoke, cinders, sparks, and soot are drawn into the chamber 148. Likewise, when the key 168 is withdrawn, the governor 14 is not in action, and the valves 154 and 155 are closed, thereby allow ing all steam to play on the blades 145.

The action of the governor is'the same as the common fly-ball governor with arms 180 which carry the balls 181, said arms 180 being pivotally connected to the upper collar 182 at 183. The tions between the arms 180 and the lower sliding collar 185. When the key 168 is inserted into the governor 14 and governorplate 153, it causes the governor 14 and governor-plate 153 to rotate at the same speed as the shaft 7, and the said governor 14 and governor-plate 153 carry the 181, links 184, upper collar 182, and lower collar 185 around with it; and when the centrifugal force of the revolving balls 181 becomes great enough they fly outwardly and raise the lower sliding collar 185.

he said lower sliding collar 185 is fixed t0 the valve-plate 1'53 and in their combined revoluble motion trippers 156 are caused to come in contact with the levers 157,: as hereinbefoi e state 1 he valve-155 is actuated in the same manner as the' valve 154; and when said revolving and churning motion of the smoke takes place in the chamber 148 the smoke is caused to mix with the steam to be converted into carbon dioXid, and at a dertain time of rotation of the governor-plate 153 thevalves 155'are opened, letting allcarbon dioxid, Ecin'd'ers, sparks, and soot out of chamber 148, to be further mixed with the steam as it passes through exhaust pipe 20 of the links 184 form the connecarms 180, balls a mos-nae 'i ket 32 is held against the lugs 166 of the piston M3 by means of spring 33. thus making a steairn tight joint so as not to allow leakage of steam around shaft 7 at this point.

Ball-race 30 ired to the our I rewiring throug both. ltil'l nned on the truck sup oll in between raee manner. The function (in is is to produce a. maximum friction at th point, as this is thepivotal center of the truck wheels 4.

The arrows indicate the direction of the steam in its predetermined. path, as clearly shown in F It will be understood by locomotive driv ers and engineers that after the superhea steam has passed through the ordinary high pressure cylinders, the steam will have lost only seven per cent. (7%) of its mean e fective pressure, that when. the steam en tore the grooves on the turbine (instead of exhausting into the open air to create a draft}, which grooves are helical for two thirds the circumference of the said tar-- bine the said steam exerts sullicient force to insure powerful rotation of the said turbine. The steam pipes from the locomotive turbine 6 to the tender turbine 8 and the turbine 6 with its fans 36 assist in drawing the ex haust from the turbine S, relieving therefrom any back pressure, so that the exhaust is fine from the high pressure cylinders well from the locomotive turbine. Five-eighths of the pressure of the exhaust from the high pressure cylinders available to rotale the tender turbine 8.

It will he understood that the interior of the shell-of the turbines inclosing the 18 is ground or otherwise formed perl ;-ly smooth, so that the abutments 19 will torn. a tight fit and wear evenly, while S'QE'Yilflfl' perfectly to control the steam. Any such contacting parts in the apparatus will be made of a suitable bronze alloy hardened with vanadium, so asto give a good wearing surface with the steel surface of the said shell.

The tender turbine may be so run while the locomotive is standing, still asto blow powdered fuel into the fire-box, instead of the said powdered fuel being drawn thereinto. as horeinbofore described.

A locomotive constructed and operated as hereinbefore described will excel in ellir-ieuoy and effect saving of at least one" half of the fuel, and one-half of the water and. will do away with. smoke in cities and. spa its that set tire to fields fen 151., and. buildings along the right-olway, which, also, obviates sparks and smoke flowing back over the train and inconveuiencing the train crew and passengers and obstructing their view.

The locomotive herein described will give all the power for pulling a train that is ordinarily erived from a doubleor triple header, tlrw eeouomiirzing. because of there beinfi but one lrnttunotive lh only its own A:

. n applying driving along; an incr .i ordinary loii drives only his wheels, this loeonwtive does not that ordinary iiorni of driving. but a it driving the pony trucks at: the on rerun front of the loc nuotire and the two sets of tender trucks at the rear end oi the stain hined and connected lender and locomotiv This separate driving increases the pulling power of the engine. A. great ad anl'zfle is acquired, also. by the Slllltl'i'ittillltl' the steam in the interior of the 'l'urhine cone in the locomotive turbine ll due to the draft thereinl'o by the adjacentfans so of the hot air direct from the fire-box through pipes 37.

These features may all be adapted to any locomotive now in existence and one or more of the turbines may be applied by utilizing: an additional set of driving trucks on either end of the locon'iotivo, and thus using: only the exhaust steam to drive the same.

Almost three times the power will be derived from a locomotive constructed as herein described from the use of the sauna amount of steam in an ordinary presentday locomotive. lly this ('oluztrurl'ion, the heavy and tedious work of the fireman will be abolished, leaving him free to render other assistance to the engineer. such as watching the track and preventing accidents 'fron'i iuisulacml switches or obstructions or f stock upon the roadway.

It is understood that the term dill'creir i'ial applied to the general parts (33 is-noh strictly speaking. rorrect, but it is used in a general sense, as it is not desired to limit the application of power by any one form of dil'erential or other gem-in". Neither is it intended that the driving of the trucks shall be limited to the use of the exhaust steam. The idea of providing mechanism to drive the trucks of locomotive and tender in new. and particularly the idea of driving too same by turbines is new. and therefore. such turbines may themselves be driven by live superhea ui'oz'ltn, herein described.

Having thus deseribed this invention, it

Ill

is obvious that many minor changes in the form, arrangement and order of parts and their materials and mode of construction may be made Without departing from the spirit of this invention or the scope of the following claims.

claim 1. In alocomotive, the combination of a furnace, a boiler, customary driving wheels,

turbine. g v l loconlotivegthe combination ofa furnace, a be 'a furnace, a boiler, customary and means for v said driv ng wheels,' truck wheels and axles customary driving cylinders and pistons and means for connecting the same to the said driving Wheels, truck Wheels and axles therefor, a turbine, means connecting said turbine to the said truclg wheel axles and a steam connection from the said cylinders to the said turbine. 1

2. In a locomotive, the combination of a furnace, a boiler, customary driving Wheels,

customary driving cylinders and pistons and means for connecting the same to the said driving Wheels, truck wheels and axles therefor, a turbine, means connecting said turbine to the said truck Wheel axles and connection from the said cylinders a second set of truck a second turbine, means for connecting the said second turbine to the said second set of truck wheel axles and a steam connection from the first turbine to the second. I

3. In a locomotive, the combination of driving Wheels, customary driving cylinders and pistons and means for connecting the same to the said driving Wheels, truck Wheels and axles therefor, a turbine,'means connecting said turbine to-the said truck Wheel axles and a steam connection from the said cylinders to the said turbine, a second set of truck wheels and axles therefor, a second turbine, means for connecting the said second turbine to the said wheel axles, a steam connection from the first turbine truck wheels and axles and means for. dri' ing the same from the second set.

4. In a locomotive, the combination ;of.a furnace, a boiler, customaryfirivinf; wheels, customary driving cylinders and pistons connecting the same to the therefor, a turbine, .means connecting said turbine to the said truck Q wheel axle s,' a' steam connection from: the said cylinders to the said turbine, a secondflset of truck wheels and axles therefor, a ec'ond turbine, 'inea'ns or connecting the said second turbine to the said second set of truck Wheel axles, a steam connection, from the first turbine to the second, and a steam condenser connected with the exhaust from the said second ,custor'nary driving wheels, ing cylinders and pistons customary den therefor,

said turbine, a second :the said second set second set of truck and axles, therefor, for connecting the ,the said second set steam connection from the first turbine to and means for connecting the same to the said driving wheels, trucx wheels. and axles a turbine, means connecting said turhineto the said truck wheel axles, a steam connection from the said cylinders to the set of truclrwheels a second turbine, means said second turbine to of truck wheel axles, a steamconnect-ion from the first turbine to 76 the second, a steam condenser connected with the exhaust from the said second turbine, and a Water filter connected to the 'sa-id condenser and through which the water from the said condenser is adapted to flow.

6. In a locomotive, the combination of a furnace, a boiler, customary driving wheels, customary driving cylinders and pistons and means for connecting the same to the said driving wheels, truck wheels and axles therefor, a turbine, means connecting said turbine to the said truck wheel axles, a steam connection from the said cylinders to the said turbine, a second set of truck Wheels and axles therefor, a second turbine, means for connecting the said second turbine to the said second set of truck Wheel axles, a steam connection from the first turbine to the second, a steam condenser connected with the exhaust from the said second turbine, a water filter connected to the said condenser and through which the water from the said condenser is adapted to flow, and a pump for returningthe said water to the boiler. I In a locomotive, the combination of a furnace, a boiler, customary driving wheels, customary driving cylinders and pistons and means for connecting the same to the said driving Wheels, truck wheels and axles therefor, a turbine, means connecting said tur- 9 bine to the said truck wheel axles, a steam and axles therefor, for connecting the connection from the said cylinders to the to the second, a third set of set of truck Wheels a second turbine, means said sccondturbine to of truck wheel axles, a

a second thesecond, and a pipe leading from'the said second turbine throughout the train whereby the exhaust steam from the turbine is adapted to heat the train.

11 a locomotive, the combination of a furnace, a boiler, customary driving wheels, customary driving cylinders and pistons and means for connecting the same to the said driving Wheels, truck Wheels and axles therefor, a turbine, means connecting the said turbine to the said truck wheel axles, a steam connection from the said cylinders to the said turbine, a second set of truck wheels and axles therefor, a second turbine, means for connecting the said second turbine to the said second set of truck wheel axles, a steam connection from the turbine to the second, and a pipe leading from the said 139 said second 315 

